Description
Enrofloxacin belongs to the group of quinolones and acts bactericidal against mainly Gramnegative bacteria like Campylobacter, E. coli, Haemophilus, Pasteurella, Mycoplasma and Salmonella spp.
Indications
Gastrointestinal and respiratory infections caused by enrofloxacin-susceptible strains of E. coli, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma spp. in cattle, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in sheep, E. coli, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in goats and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pasteurella multocida and Mycoplasma spp. and pigs.
Contra indications
Do not use in animals with known hypersensitivity to enrofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones or to any of the excipients.
Do not use in growing horses because of possible deleterious damage on articular cartilage.
Side effects
Digestive tract disorders (e.g. diarrhoea) may occur in very rare cases. These signs are generally mild and transient. In very rare cases intravenous treatment of cattle can cause shock reactions, presumably as a result of circulatory impairment.
Local reactions at injection site:
In pigs, after intramuscular administration of the product, inflammatory reactions may occur. They may persist up to 28 days after the injection.
Dosage
Intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular use. Repeated injections should be made at different injection sites. To ensure a correct dosage, body weight (bw) should be determined as accurately as possible to avoid underdosing.
Cattle:
5 mg of enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 1 ml/20 kg bw, once daily for 3–5 days. Acute mycoplasma-associated arthritis due to enrofloxacin-susceptible strains of Mycoplasma bovis in cattle less than 2 years old: 5 mg of enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 1 ml/20 kg bw, once daily for 5 days.
The product can be administered by slow intravenous or subcutaneous administration. Acute mastitis caused by Escherichia coli: 5 mg enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 1 ml/20 kg bw, by slow intravenous injection once daily for two consecutive days. The second dose may be administered by the subcutaneous route. In this case, the withdrawal period following subcutaneous injection applies. Not more than 10 ml should be administered at one subcutaneous injection site.
Sheep and goats:
5 mg of enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 1 ml/20 kg bw, once daily by subcutaneous injection for 3 days. Not more than 6 ml should be administered at one subcutaneous injection site.
Pigs:
2.5 mg of enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 0.5 ml/20 kg bw, once daily by intramuscular injection for 3 days. Alimentary tract infection, or septicaemia caused by Escherichia coli: 5 mg of enrofloxacin/kg bw, corresponding to 1 ml/20 kg bw, once daily by intramuscular injection for 3 days. In pigs, the injection should be made in the neck at the ear base. Not more than 3 ml should be administered at one intramuscular injection site.
Withdrawal times
Cattle:
Following intravenous injection:
Meat and offal: 5 days.
Milk: 3 days.
Following subcutaneous injection:
Meat and offal: 12 days.
Milk: 4 days.
Sheep:
Meat and offal: 4 days.
Milk: 3 days.
Goats:
Meat and offal: 6 days.
Milk: 4 days.
Pigs: Meat and offal: 13 days.
